How to order the "BREATH OF LIFE"

To order your "BREATH OF LIFE" Constant Delivery Resuscitator contact CODE ONE from anywhere in Australia for the cost of a local call..
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The BREATH OF LIFE Constant Delivery Resuscitator is only $ 59.95 (plus GST)
(Postage and handling may also apply.)

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Frequently Asked Questions


What motivated the development of the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator?

What are the shortcomings of traditional Bag Valve Masks?
How does the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator overcome these inherent shortcomings?
Why is adequate tidal volume so important?
What makes the product innovative and progressive?
Summary of benefits of Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator over traditional bag valve masks?
Who is the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator for?
Where should the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator be found?
Bibliography



BREATH OF LIFE CONSTANT DELIVERY RESUSCITATOR
What motivated the development of the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator?
After Managing Director, Richard McCulloch stepped out of his car and gave CPR for 20 minutes to a bloodied roadside victim with facial injuries and broken teeth, he was exhausted and somewhat apprehensive about exposure to contagious diseases.

At a time when HIV and Hep. C were only beginning to be recognised as highly communicable diseases, McCulloch Medical began research and development for their Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator.

It was the above incident, concern regarding communicable diseases, together with market driven imperatives for more effective, easy-to-use, low cost emergency resuscitation equipment for both hospital and pre-hospital mass markets that has driven development of the patented Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator.

Traditional Bag Valve Mask Resuscitators - Shortcomings
Investigation into those resuscitators available on the market (bag valve mask type only) showed that they:

1. Often require assembly and that some could be assembled improperly
Studies have shown that some bag valve mask units can be assembled incorrectly[i].
One characteristic of an ideal bag valve mask is that it should be impossible to reassemble improperly[ii].

2. Often deliver tidal volumes below ISO requirements and AHA guidelines
Due to single operator's inability to maintain adequate mask seal whilst maintaining a patent airway and squeezing the bag simultaneously[iii]
Operators hand size
Environmental factors especially low ambient temperatures[iv].

3. Are difficult to use effectively by one person

Numerous studies uniformly show that one person rescuer bag valve mask ventilation is ineffective[v]
For the one person rescuer diminished volume delivery is due to inadequate mask seal whilst maintaining a patent airway and squeezing the bag simultaneously resulted in maximum tidal volume deliveries of 300mL to 700mL [vi], [vii]
Face and Thigh Squeeze (FATS) technique improves tidal volume delivery but requires experience[viii] not for the novice. This technique requires the rescuer to place the victims head between their knees, one hand holds the mask and whilst tilting the head and jaw, the other hand squeezes the bag against the rescuers thigh in an attempt to maximise volume delivery[ix]
Operators hand size affects performance. With a one-hand squeeze, practitioners with smaller hands tend to deliver 100 to 250mL less than those with large hands[x], [xi],[xii].
Single handed use of traditional Bag Valve Masks connected to an ET tube still results in inadequate delivered tidal volume [xiii]
It has been shown that even two handed use of Bag Valve Masks results in lower Tidal Volume Delivery (VT) than that suggested by AHA guidelines[xiv] and as required by the International Standard for Adult Human Resuscitators, ISO 8382:1988(E).

4. Induce rapid operator fatigue resulting in diminishing control over effective tidal volume delivery

Use of small and fine muscles of the hand and wrist to supply compressive power to the bag valve mask results in onset of fatigue and therefore less control over delivered tidal volume[xv]
Evidence supports the fact that there is tendency for the number of compressions to increase during trauma situations higher frequency lower delivered tidal volume than AHA guidelines[xvi],[xvii]

5. Require on-going, high level training to use effectively

The retention of skill in the use of bag valve masks is short and as a consequence trained practitioners have not performed well in code situations[xviii].

6. Are expensive

During initial research traditional bag valve masks were found to be very expensive. Over time these costs have come down considerably, especially for single use/disposable bag valve masks.
Reusable units remain expensive.

How does the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator overcome these inherent shortcomings?
1. Assembly

The Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator comes fully assembled.
Because of its unique design and small number of parts, if the unit is disassembled, it cannot be reassembled incorrectly.


2. Tidal Volume Delivery relative to ISO requirements and AHA guidelines

As part of our Quality Assurance program every Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator is tested on an ISO specification test lung to ensure tidal volume compliance with the ISO standard and AHA guidelines.

3. One person operation

The ability to consistently generate adequate tidal volumes with one hand in compliance with the ISO standard and AHA guidelines is a significant advantage of the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator[xix]
With a mask or E.T. tube secured with one hand, the operator can consistently deliver an adequate tidal volume, in compliance with ISO and AHA guidelines, with his/her other hand. One person operation is now a viable option in resuscitation, requiring two, not three hands.

4. Fatigue

A comparative study conducted by Kansas University Medical Centre revealed that each subject was able to use the Resuscitator for over half an hour without discomfort or fatigue[xx].
Unlike the small muscle groups utilized by the bag valve masks, the Constant Delivery Resuscitator utilises the large muscle group of the upper arm and shoulder.

5. On-going Training

The comparative study also, 1996, showed that the learning curve for the Resuscitator was under a minute without instruction or prompting[xxi].
Its intuitive design and labeling makes it easy to understand and operate.

6. Cost

The Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator was designed not only to provide an easy-to-use Resuscitator that consistently delivers adequate tidal volumes without fatigue, but also to be low-cost.

Why is adequate tidal volume delivery so important?
1. It has been shown that lack of control over delivered tidal volume often causes the victim to receive a lesser volume than that recommended or intended, which puts the victim in danger of hypercapnia[xxii].
2. Traditional bag valve masks utilise a compressible bag and deliver variable tidal volumes depending on the operator's hand size and technique[xxiii]. The measure of their effectiveness is simply watching the chest rise and fall.
3. Compliance with ISO requirements and AHA guidelines.
What makes the product innovative and progressive?
The Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitators design is a radical departure from traditional bag valve mask resuscitators; it's easier to use, consistently delivers an effective tidal volume, in compliance with ISO requirements and AHA Guidelines and is less fatiguing to operate.

The Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator comprises of two valved, telescoping pump bodies. The outer pump body houses induction valves and slides over the inner pump body.

The inner pump body is connected to a bi-directional valve that controls the flow to and from the patient and connects to either a mask or an E.T. tube.

Both the inner and outer pump bodies incorporate 'stops' which limit the stroke and set the volume.

Exhalation is directed out to the side via an exhaust port that is surrounded by upstanding 'pips'. These prevent the accidental occlusion of the exhaust port and ensure unrestricted exhalation.

A unique one-piece mask is fitted to the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator for immediate emergency use. The Resuscitator may be used vertically, or horizontally by attaching a swivel connector to the bi-directional valve.

An optional Supplemental Oxygen Adaptor is available. This connects to both Oxygen Tank and standard 22mm connector. The Constant Delivery Resuscitator is a direct linear volume displacement device when the outer cylinder is depressed, for every unit of linear displacement a fixed volume is moved. Based on the laws of physics and physiologic effect the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator is more likely to meet any precision delivery criteria than is any Bag Valve Mask unit[xxiv].

How would you summarize the benefits of the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator over traditional bag valve masks?
i. You don't have to be a Trained Respiratory Therapist to use the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator. It comes assembled, ready for use with comprehensive one and two person CPR instructions plus protective gloves.

ii. It is the simplicity of design, constant, repeatable and adequate tidal volume delivery, and ease of operation which reduces operator fatigue, that has put the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator at the cutting edge of First Response Resuscitation.

iii. It offers the benefits of being very affordable & comparable to disposable/one use bag valve masks whilst being re-usable

We have made the leap from pressure cycled respirators to volume cycled ventilators in critical care of humans - isn't it time we make the same leap in our resuscitation[xxv]

Who is the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator for?
Everyone. Developed in response to growing concerns about contagious diseases and the need for a device that separates rescuer from victim adequately, the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator has been targeted at ordinary people who are the first responders at the scene of an incident. Wherever there are people there needs to be a Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator. The Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator provides and enhanced margin of effectiveness in resuscitation prior to the arrival and intervention of emergency personnel, does not require but adapts to, artificial airways and enhances resuscitation activities.

Where are the additional markets for the Breath of Life Constant Delivery Resuscitator ?
Everywhere. In cars, boats, offices, vans, trucks, trains, clubrooms, eating establishments, public places, homes, work places, airports, aeroplanes, the list is endless

as awareness of the important role of emergency responders in saving lives grows, international medical authorities are increasingly encouraging the use of emergency devices by those first on the scene of an emergency ...

(Frost & Sullivan, 1999. European Emergency and Trauma Care Devices)
Bibliography:


Barnes, T. 1992. Emergency Ventilation Techniques, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p 673-694

Branson, R. & Johanningman, J. Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

Mathews, P. 1996 Comparison of Bag-Valve Resuscitators with a new Linear Displacement Unit, presented to the APARC Conference 1996

Mathews, P. 1999. Ventilation Goals in Resuscitation and Transport



[i] Kissoon, N. et al, 1991 Evaluation of performance characteristics of disposable bag-valve resuscitators, Critical Care Medicine, 19(1):102-107


[ii] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J.Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[iii] Ibid

[iv] Barnes, T. Emergency Ventilation Techniques and Related Eqipment, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p 673-694

[v] ibid, p.675

[vi] ibid, p.675

[vii] Barnes, T. Emergency Ventilation Techniques and Related Eqipment, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p 673-694

[viii] ibid, p.676

[ix] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J. Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[x] Mathews, P. 1996 Comparison of Bag-Valve Resuscitators with a new Linear Displacement Unit, presented to the APARC Conference 1996

[xi] Barnes, T. Emergency Ventilation Techniques and Related Eqipment, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p 673-694

[xii] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J. Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[xiii] Barnes, T. Emergency Ventilation Techniques and Related Eqipment, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p.678

[xiv] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J. Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[xv] Mathews, P. 1999. Ventilation Goals in Resuscitation and Transport

[xvi] ibid

[xvii] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J.Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[xviii] Barnes, T. Emergency Ventilation Techniques and Related Eqipment, Respiratory Care, July 92 Vol. 37 No 7 p 673-694

[xix] Mathews, P. 1996 Comparison of Bag-Valve Resuscitators with a new Linear Displacement Unit, presented to the APARC Conference 1996

[xx] ibid

[xxi] ibid

[xxii] McCabe, S. and Smeltzer, S. (1993) American Journal of Critical Care, 2, 467-472

[xxiii] Branson, R. & Johanningman, J. Ventilation During CPR, Respiratory Care, May 95 Vol. 40 No.5, 459-497

[xxiv] Mathews, P. 1999. Ventilation Goals in Resuscitation and Transport


[xxv] ibid




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